Energy Biosciences The principal objective of Energy Biosciences research is to provide basic information and conceptual understanding in the microbiological and plant sciences. This knowledge is important to the Department's efforts in renewable resource production of fuels and chemicals, microbiological transformation of biomass for replacement of petroleum usage, and biological systems for resource recovery. The research is aimed at gaining an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of green plant productivity, insights into novel and improved methods for converting biomass and other organic materials into fuel and chemicals by fermentation, and developing biosystems capable of saving energy.